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Biography of Surendranath Banerjee
Surendranath Banerjee (1848-1925) was an Indian nationalist leader, educator, and social reformer, who played a prominent role in the Indian nationalist movement during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress and a leading advocate for Indian self-rule.
Banerjee was born on November 10, 1848, in Calcutta (present-day Kolkata), India, to a well-respected family of Brahmin scholars. He was educated at the Hindu College, Calcutta, and later studied law at University College London, England. He was called to the Bar in 1872 and returned to India to practice law.
Banerjee’s involvement in politics began in the 1870s when he joined the Indian National Association, which was formed to create a forum for Indian grievances against British rule. In 1883, he helped found the Indian National Conference, which later became the Indian National Congress, and served as its president in 1895.
Banerjee was a strong advocate for Indian self-rule and was a vocal critic of British policies in India. He was instrumental in organizing protests against the Partition of Bengal in 1905 and was a key figure in the Swadeshi movement, which encouraged Indians to boycott British goods and promote Indian-made products.
In addition to his political work, Banerjee was also a champion of social reform. He worked to promote education among Indians, particularly women, and played a key role in establishing the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science and the National Council of Education.
Banerjee’s contributions to the Indian nationalist movement and his tireless efforts to improve the lives of his fellow countrymen earned him numerous accolades, including the title of “Mahamana” (great soul) by the people of Benares, in recognition of his service to the nation. He passed away on August 6, 1925, at the age of 77, leaving behind a legacy of political activism and social reform that continues to inspire generations of Indians to this day.
