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Biography of Kazi Nazrul Islam
Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899-1976) was a Bengali poet, musician, and revolutionary. He was born on May 25, 1899, in Churulia, a small village in present-day West Bengal, India.
Nazrul’s father was a muezzin (one who calls Muslims to prayer) at a local mosque, and his mother was a homemaker. Nazrul received his early education in a local madrasa, and later attended a secular school. He was a brilliant student, but he had to leave school due to financial difficulties.
In 1917, Nazrul enlisted in the British Indian Army and was posted to Karachi. He was deeply disturbed by the inequality and oppression he witnessed in the army and society, and he began writing poetry that reflected his revolutionary ideas. In 1920, he was discharged from the army on medical grounds and returned to Kolkata (then Calcutta).
In Kolkata, Nazrul became involved in the Indian nationalist movement and started working as a journalist and writer for various newspapers and magazines. He also continued to write poetry and songs that celebrated the struggle for freedom and the rights of the oppressed.
Nazrul’s poetry and songs had a powerful impact on the people of Bengal, and he soon became known as the “rebel poet.” He wrote in Bengali and his works were widely read and recited. His poetry was characterized by its fiery, revolutionary spirit and its celebration of the common people and their struggles.
Nazrul also composed music, and his songs became immensely popular. His compositions blended traditional Bengali music with Western influences, and he is credited with creating a new style of Bengali music known as Nazrul Sangeet.
Nazrul’s political activism and his outspoken criticism of British colonialism and Hindu-Muslim divisions in Bengal earned him the ire of the authorities. In 1922, he was arrested and imprisoned for sedition. He was released in 1924, but his health had been severely damaged by his imprisonment.
Despite his poor health, Nazrul continued to write and compose music. He also became increasingly involved in the struggle for Muslim-Hindu unity and social justice. In the 1940s, he joined the Indian National Congress and supported the Quit India movement.
In the late 1940s, Nazrul’s health began to decline rapidly, and he suffered from a number of ailments, including Alzheimer’s disease. He spent the last years of his life in seclusion, unable to write or compose music.
Kazi Nazrul Islam died on August 29, 1976, at the age of 77. He is considered one of the greatest Bengali poets and musicians of the 20th century, and his works continue to be celebrated and studied today.
